To Be : Lección de inglés

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El verbo "to be" es el verbo más importante del inglés y al mismo tiempo, el más complicado. Se utiliza tanto como un verbo principal como un verbo auxiliar y es irregular en el presente y el pasado.

Grammatical rules (Reglas Gramaticales)

Affirmative (Afirmativo)

Sujeto	Presente Simple	Forma corta
I	am	I'm yo soy/estoy
you	are	you're tú eres/estás
he	is	he's él es/está
she	is	she's ella es/está
it	is	it's es/está
we	are	we're nosotros somos/estamos
they	are	they're ellos son/están

Negative (Negativo)

Sujeto	Presente Simple	Forma corta
I	am not	I'm not yo no soy/estoy
you	are not	you're not/you aren't tú no eres/estás
he	is not	he's not/he isn't él no es/está
she	is not	she's not/she isn't ella no es/está
it	is not	it's not/it isn't no es/está
we	are not	we're not/we aren't nosotros no somos/estamos
they	are not	they're not/they aren't ellos no son/están

Interrogative (Interrogativo)

Nota: En preguntas con el verbo "to be", el sujeto y el verbo cambian posiciones.

Presente Simple
Am I? ¿Yo soy/estoy?
Are you? ¿Tu eres/estás?
Is he? ¿El es/está?
Is she? ¿Ella es/está?
Is it? ¿Es/está?
Are we? ¿Nosotros somos/estamos?
Are they? ¿Ellos son/están?

Uses (Usos)

1. Se utiliza "to be" como verbo principal para mostrar el estado o las características de alguien o algo (como un verbo de estado). También se puede utilizar con las preposiciones de lugar para indicar donde algo está localizado.

Ejemplos:

Con un sustantivo:

I am a teacher.(Soy profesor.)

You aren't a student.( No eres estudiante.)

Is he a doctor?( Él es médico?)

Con una preposición de lugar ++ un sitio+:

She is in New York.(Ella está en Nueva York.)

They aren't at home.(Ellos no están en casa.)

Is the book on the table?(¿El libro está en la mesa?)

Con un adjetivo:

We are happy.(Nosotros estamos contentos.)

He isn't sad.(Él no está triste.)

Are you tired?(¿Estás cansado?)

2. "To be" se utiliza como un verbo auxiliar para formar el presente continuo y la voz pasiva que se introducirán en lecciones posteriores. Para más información sobre verbos auxiliares, ver la lección de verbos.

3. Para mostrar que algo existe, combinamos "is" o "are" con la palabra "there". Ver la lección de There Be para más información.

4. "To be", como muchos otros verbos, puede ser utilizado con una frase preposicional. Ver la lección de verbos preposicionales y phrasal verbs.

4. "To be", como muchos otros verbos, puede ser utilizado con una frase preposicional. Ver la lección sobre los verbos preposicionales y phrasal verbs.

The verb "to be" is both the most important verb in the English language and the most complicated. It is used as both a principal verb and an auxiliary verb and is irregular in both the present and past tenses.

Grammatical Rules

Affirmative

Subject	Present Simple	Short Form
I	am	I'm
you	are	you're
he	is	he's
she	is	she's
it	is	it's
we	are	we're
they	are	they're

Negative

Subject	Present Simple	Short Form
I	am not	I'm not
you	are not	you're not/you aren't
he	is not	he's not/he isn't
she	is not	she's not/she isn't
it	is not	it's not/it isn't
we	are	we're not/we aren't
they	are not	they're not/they aren't

Interrogative

Note: In questions with the verb "to be", the subject and verb change position.

Present Simple
Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Is she?
Is it?
Are we?
Are they?

Uses

1. We use "to be" as a principal verb to show the status or characteristics of somebody or something (as a stative verb). It can also be used with prepositions of place to indicate where something is located.

Examples:

With a noun:

I am a teacher.

You aren't a student.

Is he a doctor?

With a preposition of place + a location:

She is in New York.

They aren't at home.

Is the book on the table?

With an adjetive:

We are happy.

He isn't sad.

Are you tired?

2. "To be" is used as an auxiliary verb to form the present continuous verb tense and the passive voice which will be introduced in later lessons. For more information on auxiliary verbs, see the verbs lesson.

3. To show that something exists, we combine "is" or "are" with "there". See the lesson on There be for more information.

3. To show that something exists, we combine "is" or "are" with "there". See the lesson, There Be, for more information.

4. "To be", like many other verbs, can be used with a prepositional phrase. See the lesson on Phrasal and Prepositional Verbs.

4. "To be", like many other verbs, can be used with a prepositional phrase. See the lesson Phrasal and Prepositional Verbs for more information.

Verbs - Lesson 6.2

To Be

(Ser/Estar)