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You will hear "I'm happy" much more than "I am happy" because in English we use short forms very frequently. In this lesson you will learn how to use these short forms.
Texts inEnglish
En inglés, el uso de las formas cortas es muy común, en particular se utilizan en el lenguaje coloquial y en situaciones informales.
Los verbos en el presente que tienen formas cortas son "to be" (ser/estar) y "to have"/"have got" (tener). "To do" (forma auxiliar) tiene una forma corta, pero sólo en el negativo.
1. To be
Afirmativo
Forma corta
Negativo
Forma corta
I am
I'm
I am not
I'm not
you are
you're
you are not
you're not you aren't
he is
he's
he is not
he's not he isn't
she is
she's
she is not
she's not she isn't
it is
it's
it is not
it's not it isn't
we are
we're
we are not
we're not we aren't
they are
they're
they are not
they're not they aren't
Ejemplos:
I'm happy.(Estoy contento.)
You're tall.(Eres alto.)
She's pretty.(Es guapa.)
It's 10:00.(Son las 10h.)
He's not here./He isn't here.(No está aqui.)
They're not Spanish./They aren't Spanish.(No son españoles.)
2. To have got
Afirmativo
Forma corta
Negativo
Forma corta
I have got
I've got
I have not got
I've not got I haven't got
you have got
you've got
you have not got
you've not got you haven't got
he has got
he's got
he has not got
he's not got he hasn't
she has got
she's got
she has not got
she's not got she hasn't got
it has got
it's got
it has not got
it's not got it hasn't got
we have got
we've got
we have not got
we've not got we haven't got
they have got
they've got
they have not got
they've not got they haven't got
Ejemplos:
I've got a car.(Tengo un coche.)
You've got blue eyes.(Tienes ojos azules.)
He's got big feet.(Tiene pies grandes.)
It [the cat] hasn't got a home.(No tiene casa.)
They've not got children./They haven't got children.(No tienen hijos.)
Nota: Para "have got" solemos usar la forma corta en el presente en vez de la forma larga. No usamos la forma corta de "to have" para indicar posesión. Veremos ejemplos del uso de la forma corta de "to have" en la lección del presente perfecto.
Para indicar posesión, no podemos decir:
I've car.
He's blue eyes.
Nota: Para "have got" solemos usar la forma corta en el presente en vez de la forma larga. No usamos la forma corta de "to have" para indicar posesión. Veremos ejemplos del uso de la forma corta de "to have" en la lección del presente perfecto.
Para indicar posesión, no podemos decir:
I've car.
He's blue eyes.
3. To do
Negativo
Forma corta
I do not
I don't
you do not
you don't
he does not
he doesn't
she does not
she doesn't
it does not
it doesn't
we do not
we don't
they do not
they don't
Ejemplos:
I don't know.(No sé.)
She doesn't like ice cream.(No le gusta el helado.)
Nota: Hay más información sobre el uso del auxiliar en las lecciones sobre construir frases, los verbos y el presente simple.
4. Además de los pronombres personales, podemos usar formas cortas con pronombres interrogativos y las palabras "here" (aquí), "there" (allí) y "that" (eso).
Ejemplos:
Where's the concert?(¿Dónde es el concierto?)
Who's that?(¿Quién es?)
How's your father?(¿Cómo está tu padre?)
Here's the book.(Aquí está el libro.)
That's mine.(Eso es mío.)
Forma larga
Forma corta
What is
What's
Who is
Who's
When is
When's
Where is
Where's
How is
How's
Here is
Here's
There is
There's
That is
That's
Nota: Existen más formas cortas con otros tiempos verbales. Las veremos en las lecciones correspondientes.
En inglés, el uso de las formas cortas es muy común, en particular se utilizan en el lenguaje coloquial y en situaciones informales.
Los verbos en el presente que tienen formas cortas son "to be" (ser/estar) y "to have"/"have got" (tener). "To do" (forma auxiliar) tiene una forma corta, pero sólo en el negativo.
1. To be
Afirmativo
Forma corta
Negativo
Forma corta
I am
I'm
I am not
I'm not
you are
you're
you are not
you're not you aren't
he is
he's
he is not
he's not he isn't
she is
she's
she is not
she's not she isn't
it is
it's
it is not
it's not it isn't
we are
we're
we are not
we're not we aren't
they are
they're
they are not
they're not they aren't
Ejemplos:
I'm happy.(Estoy contento.)
You're tall.(Eres alto.)
She's pretty.(Es guapa.)
It's 10:00.(Son las 10h.)
He's not here./He isn't here.(No está aqui.)
They're not Spanish./They aren't Spanish.(No son españoles.)
2. To have got
Afirmativo
Forma corta
Negativo
Forma corta
I have got
I've got
I have not got
I've not got I haven't got
you have got
you've got
you have not got
you've not got you haven't got
he has got
he's got
he has not got
he's not got he hasn't
she has got
she's got
she has not got
she's not got she hasn't got
it has got
it's got
it has not got
it's not got it hasn't got
we have got
we've got
we have not got
we've not got we haven't got
they have got
they've got
they have not got
they've not got they haven't got
Ejemplos:
I've got a car.(Tengo un coche.)
You've got blue eyes.(Tienes ojos azules.)
He's got big feet.(Tiene pies grandes.)
It [the cat] hasn't got a home.(No tiene casa.)
They've not got children./They haven't got children.(No tienen hijos.)
Nota: Para "have got" solemos usar la forma corta en el presente en vez de la forma larga. No usamos la forma corta de "to have" para indicar posesión. Veremos ejemplos del uso de la forma corta de "to have" en la lección del presente perfecto.
Para indicar posesión, no podemos decir:
I've car.
He's blue eyes.
Nota: Para "have got" solemos usar la forma corta en el presente en vez de la forma larga. No usamos la forma corta de "to have" para indicar posesión. Veremos ejemplos del uso de la forma corta de "to have" en la lección del presente perfecto.
Para indicar posesión, no podemos decir:
I've car.
He's blue eyes.
3. To do
Negativo
Forma corta
I do not
I don't
you do not
you don't
he does not
he doesn't
she does not
she doesn't
it does not
it doesn't
we do not
we don't
they do not
they don't
Ejemplos:
I don't know.(No sé.)
She doesn't like ice cream.(No le gusta el helado.)
Nota: Hay más información sobre el uso del auxiliar en las lecciones sobre construir frases, los verbos y el presente simple.
4. Además de los pronombres personales, podemos usar formas cortas con pronombres interrogativos y las palabras "here" (aquí), "there" (allí) y "that" (eso).
Ejemplos:
Where's the concert?(¿Dónde es el concierto?)
Who's that?(¿Quién es?)
How's your father?(¿Cómo está tu padre?)
Here's the book.(Aquí está el libro.)
That's mine.(Eso es mío.)
Forma larga
Forma corta
What is
What's
Who is
Who's
When is
When's
Where is
Where's
How is
How's
Here is
Here's
There is
There's
That is
That's
Nota: Existen más formas cortas con otros tiempos verbales. Las veremos en las lecciones correspondientes.
ES
Exercises
Complete the exercises in order to update your progress
